{"id":17644,"date":"2025-11-17T12:59:29","date_gmt":"2025-11-17T11:59:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/firmalex.com\/?p=17644"},"modified":"2025-11-17T12:59:33","modified_gmt":"2025-11-17T11:59:33","slug":"what-to-do-when-youre-an-heir-but-theres-no-will","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/firmalex.com\/en\/2025\/11\/17\/what-to-do-when-youre-an-heir-but-theres-no-will\/","title":{"rendered":"What to do when you\u2019re an heir but there\u2019s no will"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>Receiving an inheritance often raises questions and paperwork, but when the deceased <strong>did not leave a will<\/strong>, the process can become even more confusing. In these situations, the law provides a specific procedure to determine who the legal heirs are and how the estate should be distributed.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Below, we explain step by step what to do when you are an heir but <strong>there is no will<\/strong> in Spain. (Only <strong>steps 3 and 4<\/strong> differ from when there is a will)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_81 ez-toc-wrap-center counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\"><\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/firmalex.com\/en\/2025\/11\/17\/what-to-do-when-youre-an-heir-but-theres-no-will\/#1_Request_the_death_certificate\" >1. Request the death certificate<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/firmalex.com\/en\/2025\/11\/17\/what-to-do-when-youre-an-heir-but-theres-no-will\/#2_Request_the_Certificate_of_Last_Wills\" >2. Request the Certificate of Last Wills<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/firmalex.com\/en\/2025\/11\/17\/what-to-do-when-youre-an-heir-but-theres-no-will\/#3_Process_the_declaration_of_intestate_heirs\" >3. Process the declaration of intestate heirs<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/firmalex.com\/en\/2025\/11\/17\/what-to-do-when-youre-an-heir-but-theres-no-will\/#Where_its_processed\" >Where it\u2019s processed<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/firmalex.com\/en\/2025\/11\/17\/what-to-do-when-youre-an-heir-but-theres-no-will\/#Required_documentation\" >Required documentation<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/firmalex.com\/en\/2025\/11\/17\/what-to-do-when-youre-an-heir-but-theres-no-will\/#Time_frame\" >Time frame<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/firmalex.com\/en\/2025\/11\/17\/what-to-do-when-youre-an-heir-but-theres-no-will\/#4_Who_inherits_when_theres_no_will\" >4. Who inherits when there\u2019s no will?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/firmalex.com\/en\/2025\/11\/17\/what-to-do-when-youre-an-heir-but-theres-no-will\/#5_Make_an_inventory_of_assets_and_debts\" >5. Make an inventory of assets and debts<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/firmalex.com\/en\/2025\/11\/17\/what-to-do-when-youre-an-heir-but-theres-no-will\/#6_Pay_the_Inheritance_and_Gift_Tax\" >6. Pay the Inheritance and Gift Tax<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/firmalex.com\/en\/2025\/11\/17\/what-to-do-when-youre-an-heir-but-theres-no-will\/#7_Accept_the_inheritance_and_distribute_the_assets\" >7. Accept the inheritance and distribute the assets<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/firmalex.com\/en\/2025\/11\/17\/what-to-do-when-youre-an-heir-but-theres-no-will\/#8_Register_the_assets_in_the_heirs_names\" >8. Register the assets in the heirs\u2019 names<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/firmalex.com\/en\/2025\/11\/17\/what-to-do-when-youre-an-heir-but-theres-no-will\/#9_Final_recommendations\" >9. Final recommendations<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/firmalex.com\/en\/2025\/11\/17\/what-to-do-when-youre-an-heir-but-theres-no-will\/#In_summary\" >In summary<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/firmalex.com\/en\/2025\/11\/17\/what-to-do-when-youre-an-heir-but-theres-no-will\/#Further_information\" >Further information<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/firmalex.com\/en\/2025\/11\/17\/what-to-do-when-youre-an-heir-but-theres-no-will\/#Solve_your_doubts\" >Solve your doubts<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Request_the_death_certificate\"><\/span>1. Request the death certificate<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>The first step is always the same: <strong>obtain the death certificate<\/strong> from the <strong>Civil Registry Office<\/strong> corresponding to the place where the person passed away.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This document legally certifies the death and is essential to begin any inheritance-related process.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Request_the_Certificate_of_Last_Wills\"><\/span>2. Request the Certificate of Last Wills<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>After <strong>15 business days from the date of death<\/strong>, you must request the <strong>Certificate from the General Registry of Last Wills<\/strong>, available through the <strong>Ministry of Justice<\/strong> or its <strong>online portal<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This certificate indicates whether the deceased made a will and, if so, before which notary. If the result shows that no will was registered, you\u2019ll need to begin a procedure known as a <strong>\u201cdeclaration of intestate heirs\u201d<\/strong> (<em>declaraci\u00f3n de herederos abintestato<\/em>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Process_the_declaration_of_intestate_heirs\"><\/span>3. Process the declaration of intestate heirs<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>The <strong>declaration of heirs<\/strong> is a notarial (or in some cases judicial) procedure that determines who the legal heirs are when the deceased left no will.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Where_its_processed\"><\/span>Where it\u2019s processed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>At the <strong>notary office in the place of the deceased\u2019s last residence<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>If the person had no fixed residence, it can be done where most of their assets are located.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In some cases (for example, if the deceased was not Spanish or lived abroad), the procedure is handled <strong>before a judge<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Required_documentation\"><\/span>Required documentation<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Death certificate.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Certificate of Last Wills (showing that no will exists).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ID of the deceased and the potential heirs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Family book or documents proving the family relationship.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Certificate of residence (empadronamiento) of the deceased.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Testimony of <strong>two witnesses<\/strong> (not close relatives), confirming their knowledge of the deceased and their family.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Time_frame\"><\/span>Time frame<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>Once all documents are submitted, the notary opens an official file and publishes it <strong>for<\/strong> <strong>20 business days<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If no objections arise, at the end of that period, the notary issues the <strong>Act of Declaration of Heirs<\/strong>, which legally identifies the rightful heirs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Who_inherits_when_theres_no_will\"><\/span>4. Who inherits when there\u2019s no will?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>The <strong>Spanish Civil Code<\/strong> sets out a clear order of priority for determining heirs when there is no will:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\">\n<li><strong>Children and descendants<\/strong> (grandchildren, great-grandchildren).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Parents and ascendants<\/strong>, if there are no descendants.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The surviving spouse<\/strong>, if there are no descendants or ascendants.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Siblings and nephews\/nieces<\/strong>, if there\u2019s no spouse, parents or children.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Other relatives<\/strong> up to the fourth grade (uncles, cousins).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>If there are no legal heirs, <strong>the State<\/strong> inherits the assets.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Make_an_inventory_of_assets_and_debts\"><\/span>5. Make an inventory of assets and debts<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Once the Act of Declaration of Heirs has been issued, the next step is to prepare a <strong>detailed inventory<\/strong> of all assets, rights and debts of the deceased:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Real estate (homes, land, commercial properties).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bank accounts, deposits and securities.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vehicles.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Insurance policies, pensions or compensations.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Debts, loans or other outstanding obligations.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>This inventory is essential to determine the <strong>total value of the estate<\/strong> and to calculate the applicable taxes before distribution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6_Pay_the_Inheritance_and_Gift_Tax\"><\/span>6. Pay the Inheritance and Gift Tax<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Heirs have a <strong>six-month deadline<\/strong> from the date of death to file and pay the <strong>Inheritance and Gift Tax<\/strong> (<em>Impuesto sobre Sucesiones y Donaciones<\/em>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This period can be <strong>extended by an additional six months<\/strong> if the extension is requested before the original deadline expires.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The amount of tax depends on the <strong>region (autonomous community)<\/strong> where the deceased lived and on the <strong>degree of kinship<\/strong> with the heirs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"7_Accept_the_inheritance_and_distribute_the_assets\"><\/span>7. Accept the inheritance and distribute the assets<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>After paying the taxes, the heirs must sign before a notary the <strong>Deed of Acceptance and Distribution of Inheritance<\/strong>, in which the estate is officially divided.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Keep in mind that an inheritance must be accepted <strong>as a whole<\/strong> \u2014 you cannot accept only part of it. If there is uncertainty about possible debts, it is advisable to <strong>accept the inheritance \u201cwith benefit of inventory\u201d<\/strong>, which limits the heir\u2019s liability only to the value of the inherited assets. (This was explained in the previous article)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"8_Register_the_assets_in_the_heirs_names\"><\/span>8. Register the assets in the heirs\u2019 names<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Once the deed of distribution has been signed, the final step is to update ownership records:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Real estate<\/strong> \u2192 at the <strong>Land Registry<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Vehicles<\/strong> \u2192 at the <strong>Spanish Traffic Authority (DGT)<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Bank accounts and securities<\/strong> \u2192 at the corresponding financial institutions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"9_Final_recommendations\"><\/span>9. Final recommendations<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Proceed <strong>carefully and with professional advice<\/strong>. Although the process can seem complex, a notary or lawyer specialized in inheritance law can guide you and prevent mistakes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Keep track of <strong>tax deadlines<\/strong>, especially the six-month period for the Inheritance Tax.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>If there are several heirs, it\u2019s best to act <strong>jointly and cooperatively<\/strong> to simplify procedures and avoid disputes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"In_summary\"><\/span>In summary<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>When someone passes away without leaving a will, their relatives must process a <strong>declaration of intestate heirs<\/strong>, which establishes who has the right to inherit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>From there, the process continues like any other inheritance: preparing an inventory, paying taxes and signing the official distribution deed before a notary. Although it may take longer, Spanish law ensures that the deceased\u2019s assets are distributed fairly and in accordance with the family order established by law.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Further_information\"><\/span>Further information<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>This article is part of our service <a href=\"https:\/\/firmalex.com\/en\/inheritance-tax-spain-non-resident-foreigner-expat-costa-blanca-valencia-alicante-denia\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Inheritance in Spain<\/a>. Visit this section where you will find all the useful information on this topic, including a complete guide on <a href=\"https:\/\/firmalex.com\/en\/inheritance-in-spain-with-a-non-resident-expat-or-foreigner\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Inheritance in Spain with a non-resident, expat or foreigner<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Solve_your_doubts\"><\/span>Solve your doubts<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>&#x2705; Our staff speaks perfectly Spanish, Valencian, English and German with what will be able to communicate with us in your own language and thus clearly resolve your queries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#x1f4cd; Denia \u2013 Plaza del Convento, 6 &#8211; Mezzanine floor door B<br>&#x1f4cd; Valencia \u2013 Calle Creu Roja, 1 &#8211; Block 6, Floor 1, door 10 (* only by appointment)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#x2709;&#x1f4de; Contact: <a href=\"mailto:info@firmalex.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">info@firmalex.com<\/a> \u2013 Tel. <a href=\"tel:+34966421416\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">+34 966 421 416<\/a> \u2013 Whatsapp <a href=\"https:\/\/wa.me\/34622497615\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">+34 622 497 615<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Follow us: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/FIRMALEXcom\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Facebook<\/a> &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/firmalexcom\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">LinkedIn<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Receiving an inheritance often raises questions and paperwork, but when the deceased did not leave a will, the process can become even more confusing. In these situations, the law provides a specific procedure to determine who the legal heirs are and how the estate should be distributed. Below, we explain step by step what to [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":17645,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[244,210,236,238],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>What to do when you\u2019re an heir but there\u2019s no will - FIRMALEX<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/firmalex.com\/en\/2025\/11\/17\/what-to-do-when-youre-an-heir-but-theres-no-will\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"What to do when you\u2019re an heir but there\u2019s no will - FIRMALEX\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Receiving an inheritance often raises questions and paperwork, but when the deceased did not leave a will, the process can become even more confusing. In these situations, the law provides a specific procedure to determine who the legal heirs are and how the estate should be distributed. 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