{"id":21879,"date":"2026-05-26T08:53:55","date_gmt":"2026-05-26T07:53:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/firmalex.com\/?p=21879"},"modified":"2026-05-26T08:53:59","modified_gmt":"2026-05-26T07:53:59","slug":"who-can-receive-an-inheritance-in-spain","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/firmalex.com\/en\/2026\/05\/26\/who-can-receive-an-inheritance-in-spain\/","title":{"rendered":"Who can receive an inheritance in Spain?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>When dealing with a death, a wide variety of situations arise regarding the <strong>distribution of assets<\/strong>. There is a common misconception that an inheritance can be left to anyone without <strong>restriction<\/strong>, but the legal reality in Spain is very different: not everyone is entitled to inherit, nor can assets be disposed of with absolute freedom.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_83 ez-toc-wrap-center counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\"><\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/firmalex.com\/en\/2026\/05\/26\/who-can-receive-an-inheritance-in-spain\/#Designation_of_Heirs_Does_Absolute_Freedom_Exist\" >Designation of Heirs: Does Absolute Freedom Exist?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/firmalex.com\/en\/2026\/05\/26\/who-can-receive-an-inheritance-in-spain\/#Who_are_the_forced_heirs\" >Who are the forced heirs?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/firmalex.com\/en\/2026\/05\/26\/who-can-receive-an-inheritance-in-spain\/#The_Three-Thirds_Rule\" >The Three-Thirds Rule<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/firmalex.com\/en\/2026\/05\/26\/who-can-receive-an-inheritance-in-spain\/#Regional_Particularities_in_Spanish_Inheritances\" >Regional Particularities in Spanish Inheritances<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/firmalex.com\/en\/2026\/05\/26\/who-can-receive-an-inheritance-in-spain\/#Civil_Factor\" >Civil Factor<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/firmalex.com\/en\/2026\/05\/26\/who-can-receive-an-inheritance-in-spain\/#Tax_Factor\" >Tax Factor<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/firmalex.com\/en\/2026\/05\/26\/who-can-receive-an-inheritance-in-spain\/#Who_cannot_be_an_heir\" >Who cannot be an heir?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/firmalex.com\/en\/2026\/05\/26\/who-can-receive-an-inheritance-in-spain\/#Conclusion\" >Conclusion<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/firmalex.com\/en\/2026\/05\/26\/who-can-receive-an-inheritance-in-spain\/#Do_you_need_to_plan_your_inheritance_or_manage_a_succession_in_Spain\" >Do you need to plan your inheritance or manage a succession in Spain?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/firmalex.com\/en\/2026\/05\/26\/who-can-receive-an-inheritance-in-spain\/#Further_information\" >Further information<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/firmalex.com\/en\/2026\/05\/26\/who-can-receive-an-inheritance-in-spain\/#Contact_us_today_for_personalized_advice\" >Contact us today for personalized advice<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Designation_of_Heirs_Does_Absolute_Freedom_Exist\"><\/span>Designation of Heirs: Does Absolute Freedom Exist?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>When you decide to draft your will, it is essential that you are aware that <strong>you will not be able to dispose of your assets entirely as you wish<\/strong>. Current legislation establishes a <strong>strict regulation with specific percentages<\/strong> that will limit your decision when designating individuals, NGOs, or companies as heirs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Who_are_the_forced_heirs\"><\/span>Who are the forced heirs?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>The Spanish Civil Code establishes that <strong>two-thirds of the inheritance <\/strong>estate must be mandatorily reserved for the so-called <strong>forced heirs<\/strong> (or legitimarios), <strong>except in justified cases<\/strong> of disinheritance. The law establishes a <strong>strict order of priority<\/strong> for the lines of succession:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Children and descendants<\/strong> (parents or ascendants only inherit if there are no children).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Parents and ascendants<\/strong> (in the absence of descendants).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The surviving spouse<\/strong> (who is entitled to the widowed usufruct depending on the case).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>&#x26a0;&#xfe0f; <em>Clarifying Note<\/em><strong>:<\/strong> Siblings, nephews\/nieces, other relatives up to the fourth degree, and the State are not forced heirs. They are <strong>&#8220;statutory&#8221; heirs<\/strong> who only inherit in an intestate succession (without a will) if the previous groups do not exist. With a will, you can exclude them completely if you wish.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_Three-Thirds_Rule\"><\/span>The Three-Thirds Rule<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>To understand how an inheritance is distributed in the common Spanish territory, the estate is conceptually divided into <strong>three equal parts<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>The forced share:<\/strong> It is the third that must mandatorily be distributed equally among all forced heirs (for example, among all children).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The improvement share (tercio de mejora):<\/strong> This third must also be allocated to forced heirs (children and descendants), but the testator can choose how to distribute it. It can be divided equally, benefit a single child, or be assigned in whichever percentages are preferred.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The free disposal third:<\/strong> It is the only part of the inheritance that the testator can assign 100% freely to whomever they wish, whether a natural person (relative or a third party) or an institution\/company.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>For <strong>example,<\/strong> if a widowed woman has two children and an estate valued at 300,000 euros, when she dies, the distribution would be as follows:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>The forced share<\/strong>. 100,000 euros would be divided between the two, receiving 50,000 euros each, <strong>obligatorily<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The improvement share (tercio de mejora)<\/strong>. The mother can give \u20ac50,000 to each, the full \u20ac100,000 to just one to benefit them, or <strong>as<\/strong> <strong>she<\/strong> <strong>prefers and indicates in her will<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The free disposal third<\/strong>. The 100,000 can be divided between the two children, given to only one, or <strong>benefit any other person or institution<\/strong> (such as an NGO, for example).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Regional_Particularities_in_Spanish_Inheritances\"><\/span>Regional Particularities in Spanish Inheritances<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Although the Civil Code rule is the general standard, the succession landscape in Spain changes completely <strong>depending<\/strong> on the region where the deceased resided. There are two key factors that determine the outcome of an inheritance: the <strong>regional civil distribution laws<\/strong> (derechos forales) <strong>and<\/strong> the tax pressure (the <strong>Inheritance Tax<\/strong>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Civil_Factor\"><\/span>Civil Factor<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>Several Autonomous Communities have their <strong>own regional civil laws<\/strong> that modify the thirds of the inheritance:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Aragon.<\/strong> The collective statutory share is <strong>50%<\/strong> of the estate, and the testator can distribute it freely or give it to a single child, allowing the legal exclusion of the rest.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Catalonia.<\/strong> The global statutory share for children is considerably reduced to just <strong>25%<\/strong> of the inheritance value.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Galicia.<\/strong> Just like in Catalonia, the children&#8217;s statutory share is 25%. Furthermore, in this region, the surviving spouse is granted a very broad <strong>lifelong usufruct right<\/strong> (which can reach the entirety or a large part of the inheritance if concurring with children).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Balearic Islands.<\/strong> The <strong>percentage varies<\/strong> according to the number of statutory heirs; it is generally one-third, but rises to 50% if there are four or more forced heirs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Navarra and the Basque Country.<\/strong> These two cases are the most <strong>complex<\/strong>, as they have the most <strong>flexible<\/strong> systems. In Navarre, there is almost absolute freedom to testate (the statutory share is purely formal or symbolic), while in the Basque Country, children can be &#8220;set aside&#8221; (excluded) from the inheritance with total freedom in favor of just one. Furthermore, distinctions are made regarding types of assets and specific zones within the region.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>If the deceased had a <strong>residence<\/strong> in any of these Autonomous Communities, the will must be drafted <strong>according to the<\/strong> <strong>regulations<\/strong> applicable to them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tax_Factor\"><\/span>Tax Factor<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>Although two communities share the same civil code for distributing assets, what an heir pays to the Tax Agency <strong>varies drastically<\/strong>, marking the difference between being able to enjoy the assets or being forced to renounce the inheritance:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Regions with &#8220;zero tax&#8221; or extreme relief:<\/strong> Communities such as the <strong>Valencian Community<\/strong>, <strong>Madrid<\/strong>, <strong>Andalusia<\/strong>, <strong>Murcia<\/strong>, <strong>Balearic Islands<\/strong>, <strong>Canary Islands<\/strong>, or <strong>Cantabria<\/strong> apply tax allowances of between <strong>99% and 100%<\/strong> for direct relatives (children, parents, and spouses). In practice, the immediate family pays next to no taxes. Furthermore, regions like Madrid or the Valencian Community already extend tax reductions to collateral relatives (siblings, aunts\/uncles, and nephews\/nieces).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Regions with a high tax burden:<\/strong> In Communities like <strong>Asturias or Catalonia<\/strong>, tax brackets are stricter, or reductions are lower, which can mean that beneficiaries have to pay very high sums to take possession of their assets. This, in some cases, can force them to reject the inheritance.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Who_cannot_be_an_heir\"><\/span>Who cannot be an heir?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>The law provides for certain <strong>absolute or relative limitations and prohibitions<\/strong>. Under no circumstances can the following receive an inheritance:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>The <strong>stillborn fetuses<\/strong> (those that are not born fulfilling the legal conditions of legal personality).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>associations or corporations <\/strong>that are not permitted or are <strong>illegal<\/strong> under the law.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>For reasons of transparency and to prevent coercion at the time of drafting the last will and testament, <strong>the law restricts inheriting<\/strong> <strong>significant amounts to:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>The <strong>notary<\/strong> who authorizes the will, as well as their direct<strong> relatives<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>witnesses<\/strong> who participate in an open will.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>If it is a matter of legacies of a strictly residual or <strong>very small value<\/strong>, the law may make <strong>exceptions<\/strong> in these last two cases.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span>Conclusion<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Planning<\/strong> an inheritance in Spain requires a thorough understanding of both the Civil Code and regional civil rights to prevent the will from being contested in the future. Securing the free disposal third or protecting the rights of your forced heirs is much simpler with the <strong>backing of experts<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Do_you_need_to_plan_your_inheritance_or_manage_a_succession_in_Spain\"><\/span>Do you need to plan your inheritance or manage a succession in Spain?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>The civil and tax <strong>legislation<\/strong> can be <strong>complex<\/strong>, especially if you have assets in different Autonomous Communities or if you reside abroad. A poorly drafted will can lead to family disputes or an exorbitant tax burden for your loved ones.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>At <strong>FIRMALEX<\/strong>, we are expert lawyers in Succession Law and Tax Planning. We handle the entire process to ensure that your wishes are fulfilled with maximum legal certainty and the lowest possible tax cost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Further_information\"><\/span>Further information<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>This article is part of our service <a href=\"https:\/\/firmalex.com\/en\/inheritance-tax-spain-non-resident-foreigner-expat-costa-blanca-valencia-alicante-denia\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Inheritance in Spain<\/a>. Visit this section where you will find all the useful information on this topic, including a complete guide on <a href=\"https:\/\/firmalex.com\/en\/inheritance-in-spain-with-a-non-resident-expat-or-foreigner\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Inheritance in Spain with a non-resident, expat or foreigner<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Contact_us_today_for_personalized_advice\"><\/span>Contact us today for personalized advice<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>&#x2705; Our staff speaks fluent <strong>Spanish, Valencian, English, and German<\/strong>, so you can communicate with us in your own language and have your questions clearly resolved. We\u2019ll be happy to assist you.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#x1f4cd; Denia \u2013 Plaza del Convento, 6 &#8211; Mezzanine floor door B<br>&#x1f4cd; Valencia \u2013 Calle Creu Roja, 1 &#8211; Block 6, Floor 1, door 10 (* only by appointment)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#x2709;&#x1f4de; Contact: <a href=\"mailto:info@firmalex.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">info@firmalex.com<\/a> \u2013 Tel. <a href=\"tel:+34966421416\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">+34 966 421 416<\/a> \u2013 Whatsapp <a href=\"https:\/\/wa.me\/34622497615\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">+34 622 497 615<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Follow us: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/FIRMALEXcom\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Facebook<\/a> &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/firmalexcom\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">LinkedIn<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>When dealing with a death, a wide variety of situations arise regarding the distribution of assets. There is a common misconception that an inheritance can be left to anyone without restriction, but the legal reality in Spain is very different: not everyone is entitled to inherit, nor can assets be disposed of with absolute freedom. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":21881,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[244,210,236,238],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Who can receive an inheritance in Spain? - FIRMALEX<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/firmalex.com\/en\/2026\/05\/26\/who-can-receive-an-inheritance-in-spain\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Who can receive an inheritance in Spain? - FIRMALEX\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"When dealing with a death, a wide variety of situations arise regarding the distribution of assets. There is a common misconception that an inheritance can be left to anyone without restriction, but the legal reality in Spain is very different: not everyone is entitled to inherit, nor can assets be disposed of with absolute freedom. 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